Distinction anatomique du bois du mélèze (Larix laricina [Du Roi] K. Koch), de l'épinette blanche (Picea glauca [Moench.] Voss), et de l'épinette noire (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.), en vue de l'analyse des macrorestes

摘要

Eighty-four specimens of wood collected in northeastern North America from pre-identified conifers were used to define new anatomical criteria to distinguish woody macroremains of Picea mariana, Picea glauca and Larix laricina. In addition to characters already described in the literature, the torus surface of bordered pits along the longitudinal tracheids were demonstrated to be a very good distinction criterion. The distinction between Picea glauca and P. mariana is based on the seriation of bordered pits on the tracheids of the rays. As a method of species distinction, we suggest a dichotomous classification based on the dominance of uniseriate or biseriate pits. In the wood collection studied, 69 % of radial tracheids were predominantly biseriated in Picea mariana, compared with only 28 % in Picea glauca. These simple distinction methods are only applicable in cases where no other Picea species could cause confusion in batches of woody and charred sub-fossils. They add a practical tool for further paleoecological reconstructions in northeastern North America.